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Stair calculator

Measure in
Total rise (floor to floor)
Target riser height
7 in / 180 mm is comfortable
Tread depth (going)
Number of risers 16
Rise ÷ target riser, rounded — every riser must be identical
Actual riser height 7
Treads 15
Total run 150
Stringer length 187.2
Pitch 36.75°
2 risers + 1 tread 24
2R + T ≈ 25 in · every riser identical

A flight of 112 inches divided by a 7 inch target gives exactly 16 risers at 7 inches. If the rise were 114 inches you would still use 16 risers, at 7.125 each — not fifteen at seven and one odd one at nine. People climb stairs by feel, not by looking, and a single riser that differs by more than about 5 mm is the classic trip hazard that building regulations exist to prevent.

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320 × 100

Divide the total floor-to-floor rise by a comfortable riser height, round to a whole number, then divide the rise by that count to get the actual riser. Every riser in a flight must be the same to within a few millimetres — that is a regulation, not a preference.

How to set out a staircase

1 Measure the total rise from finished floor to finished floor, not floor to joist.
2 Enter a target riser height — 7 inches or 180 mm is the comfortable zone.
3 Read the riser count, then the exact riser height it produces.
4 Check the 2R + T figure lands near 25 inches or 630 mm.

Stairs are governed by two relationships that carpenters have used for centuries. The first is 2R + T: twice the riser plus the tread should sit around 25 inches, or 630 mm, because that is the length of a natural stride. The second is that riser and tread trade against each other — a taller riser needs a shallower tread and produces a steeper, more tiring flight. Building regulations set outer limits on both, and they differ by country: England allows a maximum 220 mm rise and minimum 220 mm going for a private stair, while the US model codes cap the riser at 7¾ inches with a 10 inch minimum tread.

Questions

Around 7 inches or 175–180 mm. Under 6 inches feels shuffling; over 8 inches is tiring and starts to feel like a ladder.

UK Approved Document K — protection from fallingInternational Residential Code — stairways (R311.7)
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300 × 250
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